Combined heating and ventilating apparatus



March 1933. L. F. SCHLENKER El AL ,77

COMBINED HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS Fall-"ed Oct. 21, 1929 3 Sheets-Shet -2 l ,/7

March 7, 1933.

L. F. SCHLENKER ET AL -COMBINED HEATING AND VENTILATIN? APPARATUS Filed Oct.-. 21, 1929 LFSM 2mm: 17 72272 Wart/52x67,"

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Mar. 7', 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOUIS F. SCHLENKER ANDmTIN 'WUEBTKNEB, OF JACKSON, MICHIGAN, ASSTGNOBS 'I'O SAID SCHLENKER AND SAID WUEBTHNER, AS JOINT TDTANTS WITH RIGHT Oll suavIvoRsm r COMBINED HEATING AND VENTIIJ ATING APPARATUS Application filed Octoberfil, 1929; Serial No. 401,828.

The invention relates to combined heating I is the case where the fiagration is in doubt.

and ventilating apparatus.

The object of the present in ntion is to provide a simple, practical and fiicient combined heating and ventilating a paratus 'of comparatively inexpensive const uction designed for heating'and ventilating residences, apartments, hospitals, and other buildings,

and equipped with means, in the event of a fire, of exhausting and removing from the rooms smoke and gases, to enable occupants to escape more readily and without danger of being overcome by smoke and, fumes, and at the same time afford a clear and positive indication ofthe location of the fire to enable the means for extinguishing the same to be localized and rendered more effective than particular point of con- A further object of the invention is to provide a combined heating and ventilating device of this character which will be particularly effective for use in hospitals and other places where a constant supply of fresh air is essential, and where a moderate heating is necessary or desirable.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction and novel arrangement and combination of parts hereinafterdescribed, illustrated in the ac- K companying drawings, and set forth in the claims hereto appended, it being understood .that various changes in the form, proportion, and minor details of construction,- within the scope of the claims, may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a building equipped with a combined heating and ventilating apparatus constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig- 2 is an enlarged side elevation, partly inasection, illustrating more clearly the details of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevation, partly construction of the distributing ducts of the main supply pipe. Fig. ,4 is a detail vertical sectional view of .one of the branches of the distributing ducts,

illustrating the construction of the radiator. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the insulated air-tight air chamber.

, In the accompanying drawings, in which is illustrated the preferred embodimentof the invention, the combined heating and ventilating apparatus com rises in its construction an insulated air-tig t air chamber 1 designed to be constructed of any suitable material and equipped at one of its sides with a door- 2 to afford access to its interior and designed to be interiorly located or mounted in or at "thelower portion of a building 3, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings The building may be a residence, apartment, hospital, or any other'structure of a similar character where a heating and ventilating ap- I paratus is, desirable.

Cold air from the exterior of the building is supplied to the air chamber 1 by means of a cold air inletpipe or conduit 4, preferably arranged vertically, as illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, and extending upwardly from the air chamber through the roof to the per end with an elbow 5 orming a horizontally disposed inlet for the cold air, but any other suitable type of inlet may, of course, be employed, as will be readily understood.

' exterior of the building, or as otherwise ex- The cold air intake conduit extends down- The heating feature-of the apparatus is designed for use in the spring and fall of the nace and when the weather is such that a year, when it is not desirable to start a furlimited amount of heat is necessary to render the rooms comfortable. In practice, any suitable switch mechanism may be employed for starting the electric heater, and such switches may be arranged both at a central point and at the various rooms and apartments. When the heating of the building is not required, the. main sup ly pipe is employed for distributing fresh air to the various rooms for ventilation.

The main supply pipe 8 is illustrated in the drawings extending downwardly from the center of a space enclosed by the electric heater, being provided with a short vertical portion 10 and a short horizontal portion 11, which connects the main vertical portion of the supply pipe with the air chamber. Instead, however, of conducting the hot air from the air chamber at the bottom thereof fire more quickly and effectively than when smoke, dust,

tions 0 as shown, any other desired arrangement of the intake or inlet conduit and the main supply pipe may be employed, and the latter may be connected at any other desired point with the air chamber, for instance, at the top thereof, and the position of the electric heater may be changed to arrange it directly beneath the supply pipe. The vertical body portion of the main supply pipe communicates with and is connected to the innenends of horizontal distributing ducts 12 extending across the various rooms 9 and preferably arranged in the walls thereof and provided at intervals with branches 13 extending in opposite directions and arranged at right angles to the distributing ducts and provided attheir outer ends with tapered or funnel shaped portions 14 located at the faces of the walls of the various rooms. v

The funnel shaped portions 14 are provided with registers 15 of the ordinary construction and adapted to be operated in the usualmanner to open and close the branches. The registers are adapted to be opened and closed, and any desired number may be provided for a room, so as to afford the desired amount of heat or ventilation.

The distributing ducts are provided with outer terminal portions 16 extending through the walls of thereof and controlled by suitable dampers 17 which are adapted to' be opened for enabling umes, and the like-to be exhausted from the various rooms and discharged exteriorly of the building, as hereinafter more fully explained. Means areprovided, as hereinafter explained, for creating a suction at the registers and in the branches of the distributing ducts and exhausting smoke and fumes from a fire and dischar ing them through the terminal por- F the distributing ducts so as to clear the rooms of smoke in the-event of a fire, and therebyenable the occupants to escape more readily and also to combat and extinguish the the building to the exterior the rooms are filled with smoke and" gas masks are necessary; The dampers 17 are normally closed to prevent loss of heat through the terminal extensions of the distributing ducts, and in practice any suitable means may be employed for operating the dampers.

The combined ventilating and heating apparatus is equipped with a blower 18 designed to be electrically operated and controlled by a suitable switch or switches and having' an intake pipe 19 extending through the wall of the building to the exterior thereof as indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings. The blower may be of any desired construction, and, as the particular construction thereof does not constitute a portion of the present invention, a further description thereof is deemedunnecessary, as various types of blowers may be employed. The discharge pipe 20- of the blower is connected with an air intake blower pipe 21, a blower exhausting pipe 22, and a blower circulating pipe 23, which are individually controlled by valves 24, 25 and 26.

The blower pipe 21 extends to the horizontal inlet of the air intake conduit 4 and is provided with a nozzle 27 discharging into the cold air intake. The said'blower pipe 21 is also provided with a branch 28 connected with the pipe 21 a short distance below the nozzle 27 and extending interiorly of and .down the cold air intake conduit to within a 1 short distance of the lower end'thereof and having its lower end or nozzle 29 located a short distance above the .electric heater and above the inner end of the main supply pipe. When the valve 24 is open, the air from the blower will-be discharged into the inlet end I of the cold air intake and also at the lower end thereof. This will cause the cold or fresh air either for ventilating or heating purposes to flow downward through the conduit 4 into contact with the electric heaters, and will prevent the heated air from rising and escaping through the conduit 4, so that there will be no loss ofheated air through the said conduit 4.

The blower pipe 23 extends into the air chamber and is provided: with a depending downwardly discharging nozzle 30 located at the inner end of the main supply pipe and discharging into the same. ,When the valve 26 is opened the air discharging from the nozzle 30 will induce the heated air to flow through the main air supply pipe and will overcome the natural draft through the said pipe and cause the heatedair to'be carried by the main air supply pipeto the distributing ducts so as to be discharged at the registers in the various rooms of the building. The valves 24 and 26 are always openwhen the apparatus is used for either heatin 0r ventilating purposes, and the amount 0 cold or fresh air admitted to the air chamber is controlled by a suitable damper 31 located within the cold air suitable form of damper may be "rovide Also, when the apparatus is emp oyed for heating and ventilatin purposes, the

., dampers 17 at the outer ends of the distributing ducts will be closed, so that all of the air carried by the main air supply pipes will be discharged into the various rooms of the building and not escapeto the exterior there- -bfthrough the outer ends of 'the. distributing ducts.

The'blower pipe 22 extends to points ad'acent the distributing ducts and 1s rovi ed with branch pipes 32 extending a ong the .distributing ducts and provided with branches 33 arranged adjacent to and, ex-

V tending along the branches of the distributing ducts to the radiators thereof. The branches 33 are provided at their outer ends with reverselyarranged nozzles 34 extending into the tapered or funnel shaped portions'of the branches 13 and-projecting into the said branches 13, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawings, so as to direct currents of'air backwardly through the said branches 13. This will produce a suction effect in the re isters for drawing ofi' smoke, fumes and ot er impurities. When the valve 25 is opened the dampers 17 are also opened, so that the air passing upward in the main supply pipe and outwardly through the horizontal distributing ducts will be discharged from the outer ends of the said distributing ducts and with the aid of the reversely arran ed nozzles 34 draw off and exhaust the s'mo e, fumes and the like from the rooms. Should a fire occur in any portion of a building equipped with the .combinedheating and ventilating apparatus, and the same be arranged for exhaust, ing smoke from the rooms, any room contaming smoke will have the same cleared and exhausted through its registers and discharged at the outer end of the distributing "of. smoke rom suc indicate clearly and positively t elocation duct havin such re stars, and the dischar distributin duct Wlll of the fire. 'Also,.the removal of smoke and fumes will greatly assist in the escape ofthe occupants and at the same time render the be found particularly trically operated and controlled heater, will advantageous.

What is claimed is: 1. heating and ventilating apparatus comprising in combination an air chamber,

means associated therewith which can be employed for heating air passing into and through said chamber, acold air Intake pipe.

connected with and leading to said air chamber, a main suppl pipe connected with and leading from said air chamber, a distributing duct connected with and leading from the main supply pipe, a damper in the outer terminal portion of the distributing duct,

branch ducts connected to said distributing duct, each branch duct being provided with a register, a blower, valve-controlled air intake blow piping connecting with and leading; from the d scharge duct of the blower to the cold air intake througeh the intake pipe thence into the air cham r when'the valve-controlled air intake blow piping is open, valve-controlled blowerclrculatlng piping connected with and leading from the discharge duct of the blower to the main supply .pipe for forcing air from the chamber into, along and through the main supply pipe when the valve-controlled blower-circulating piping is open, and valve-controlled blower exhausting piping connected with and leading from the discharge duct of the blower to the branch ducts for the purpose of forcing air into the branch ducts and thence into the distributin duct when the valve-controlled blower e51 austing piping 1s open.

2. A heating and ventilating apparatus comprising incombination an air chamber, means associated therewith whichcan be employed for heating air passing into and throughsaid chamber, a cold air intake pipe.

connected with and leading to said air chamher, a mainsuppl pipe connected with and leading from said air chamber a distributing duct connected with the leading from the main supplypipe,adamper in the outer terminal portion of the distributing duct, branch ducts .connected to said distributing duct, 8 each branch duct beingsprovided with a register, a blower, valve-controlled piping connected with and .leading from the discharge duct of the blower and arranged for causing air to pass inwardly into and through the pipe for forcing air cold air intake pipe, thence into the air chamber andtherefrom into and through the main supply pipe when said valve-controlled piping is open, and valve-controlled blower exhausting piping connected with and leading from the discharge duct of the blower to the branch ducts-for the purpose of forcing air into the branch ducts and thence into the distributing duct when the valve-controlled blower exhausting piping is open.

3. An a paratus used in connection with a building aving a plurality of rooms, which apparatus includes in combination an in,- teriorly located air chamber, a cold air intake conduit communicating with the said chamber and extending to the exterior of the building, a main supply pipe extending from the said chamber for distributing air therefrom to the rooms of the building, a blower, and separate independently controlled discharge pipes leading from the blower and provided with nozzles discharging respectively intothe outer end of the intake conduit and into the inner end of the main supply .pipe to create a suction through said conduit and the supply pipe.

4. In combination with a building having rooms, an apparatus including an air cham-' ber located at the bottom of the bu lding. a cold air intake conduit communicating with the said chamber and extending to the exterior of the building, a main supplypipe extending from the said chamber for distributing air therefrom to the rooms of the building-,a blower, and separate independently controlled discharge pipes leading from the blower and provided with nozzles discharging respectively into the outer end ofthe intake conduit and the inner end of the main supply pipe, one of the said discharge pipes having a branch extending downwardly through the intake condu t and provided adjacent the lower end thereof with a nozzle directed towards the said lower end of the intake conduit to increase the suction through the cold air conduit.

5. An apparatus of the class described used in connection with a building having a plurality of rooms, which apparatus includes n combination an air chamber located at the bottom of the building, acold air intake conduit extending through the top of the said chamber and extending through the top of the building, a main supply pipe extending from the said. chamber to dstribute air to the rooms of the building and located directly beneath the lower end of the intake conduit, a blower, and separate independently controlled discharge pipes leading from the blower, one of the discharge pipes extending to the cold air intake and having a nozzle discharging into the same and provided also w'tha branch ipe extending into and along the intake conciilit to the lower portion thereof and provided thereat with a discharge nozzle to create a suction through said conduit,

the other discharge pipe extending to the inner end of the main supply pipe and provided with a nozzledischarging into the same to force the ar through the main air supply pipe. I

6. A heating and ventllatmg apparatus for use in con unct1on with buildlngs having a plurality of rooms, said apparatus including in combination an interiorly located 'air chamber, a cold a'r mtake condu1t communicatmgwith the air chamber for supplying cold air to the same'and extending from the air chamber to the exterior of the building, a main supply pipe connected with the air chamber for distributing air to the roomsiof the building, a heater w thin the said chamher, a blower, and separate independently controlled discharge pipes extending from the blower to the cold air intake conduit and to the main supply pipe and provided with nozzles discharging into the same for forcing the cold-air through the conduit and heated air through the'ma n supply pipe.

7. In a building havmg a plurality of rooms an apparatus which includes in combination an interiorly located air chamber, a cold air intake conduit communicating with the air chamber for supply'ng cold air to the same and extending therefrom to the exterior ofthe building, a main supply pipe connected with the air chamber for conveying air to the rooms of the building, a heater within the said chamber, a blower, and separate independently controlled discharge pipes extending from the blower to the cold a r intake conduit and to the main supply pipe and provided with nozzles discharging into the same and arranged to force co'd air through said conduit and heated air through the main supply pipe, said cold air intake conduit being located directly above the inner end of the main supply p'pe and the. heater being interposed between the cold air intake conduit and the supply pipe.

8. A heating and ventilating apparatus used in a building having a plurality of rooms, which apparatus includes in combination an a r chamber located at the bottom of the building, a cold air intake conduit communicating with the air chamber for supplyi-ng cold air to the same and extending from the air chamber to the exterior of the building, a main supply pipe connected with the a r chamber, a. heater within the said chamber, a blower, and separate independently controlled discharge pipes extending from the'blower to the cold air intake conduit and to the main supply pipe and provided with nozzles discharging-into the outer end of the said conduit and into the inner end of the .main supply pipe for forc'ng cold air through the conduit and heated air through the main supply pipe, said cold air intake conduit being provided at its inner end with an enlarged portion for hood arranged over the heater.

9. An apparatus of the class described,

a building having air intake conduit communicating with the air chamber for supplying cold air to the same ,and extending downwardly from the exterior of the buildingto the air chamber,

a main supplyipipe connected with the air located directly above the inner end of the main supply. pipe, the heater being interposedbetween the cold air intake conduit and the supply pipe, and the cold air intake conduit being provided with an enlarged delivery end forming a hood for the heater.

10. An apparatus used in connection with a building having rooms, which apparatus includes an air chamber located at the bottom of the building, a cold air intake conduit communicatingwith the air chamber and extending to the top ofthe building, a main supply pipe extending from the air chamber and provided with distributing ducts having branches provided with registers and which branches extend to the rooms of the building, a blower, and separate independently controlled discharge pipes lead ing from the blower and provided with nozzles located at and discharging into the cold air intake conduit and the mam supply pi eand arranged to force cold air-through t e air intake conduit into the air chamber and air from the air chamber outwardly through the main supply pipe. 1

11. In a building havin rooms, an apparatus including in com ination an air chamber, a cold air intake conduit communicating'with the air chamber and extending to the exterior of the building, a main supply pipe extending from the air chamber and provided with distributingducts having branches provided with registers located in the rooms of the building, a blower, and

separate independentlycontrolled discharge pipes leading from the blower and provided with nozzles located at and discharging into the cold air intake and the main supply pi e and arranged to force cold air through t e intake conduit into the air chamber and therefrom outwardly through the main supply pipe, said blower being also provided with a discharge pipe leading therefrom and extending to the said registers and having with the air chamber and extending to the exterior of the buildin I a main supply pipe extending from the ah chamber and provided with distributing. ducts having branches prov ded with registers for the rooms of the building, a blower, separate independently controlled discharge pipes leadmg from the blower and provided with nozzles located at and discharging into the cold air intake and the main supply pipefor forcing air through the same, said blower being 5 also provided with a discharge pipe leading therefrom and extending to the said registers and having reversely arranged nozzles dis charging into the branch pipes .of;the' distributing ducts for forcing smoke, gases and so foul air from the rooms into the distributing ducts, and means for connecting the distributing ducts with the outside atmosphere.

-l-3.'An apparatus of the class described,

used in connection with a building havin a plurality of rooms, which apparatus 'inclu es in combination an interiorly located air chamber, a cold air intake conduit communicating with the air chamber and extending to the exterior of the building, a main supply 9 pipeextending from the; air chamber and rovided with distributing. ducts having ranches provided with registers located in the rooms of the building, a blower, separate independently controlled discharge pipes leading from the, blower and provided with nozzles located at and discharging into the cold air intake and the main supply pipe, said blower being also provided with a discharge pipe leading there said registers and having reversely arranged.

nozzles dischargin into the branch pipes of j the distributing ucts for forcing smoke,

gases, andfoul air from the rooms into the registers, damper controlled means for com necting the distributin duets with the out- 'sideatmosphere, and a eater arranged within the air chamber and interposed between,.

the cold air intake conduit and the main supply pipe. a

14. In a building having rooms, an apparatus including in combination an air chamber located at the bottom of the building, a cold air intake conduit connected wlth the airy om and extending to the chamber and extending 'to the exterior of the 5 building, a main supply pipe extending from the air chamber and provided with distributing ducts having branches extending to the rooms of the building and rovided with enber, a blower, separate inde ndently' controlled discharge pipes lea ing from the larged terminal portions aving registers,

heating means arranged within the alr chamblower and provided with nozzles discharging into thecold air intake conduitand t main supply pipe, said blower belng also provided with a separate independently con trolled discharge pipe leading therefrom and extending to the registers and provided with nozzles discharging into the same for forcing v smoke, end foul air from the rooms into the re rs and a damper located in the cold a1r intaize conduit for closing the same .when' the blower is operating to suck smoke, gases and the like from the rooms into the registers.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto signed our names, this 18th day of October,

LOUIS F. SCHLENKER. MARTIN WUERTHNER. 

